Skip to main content
ConfirmedAI adjacent

Irish DPC takes X to the High Court over Grok training data and secures an undertaking

Irish DPC took interim measure action against Twitter International Unlimited Company over Grok large language models, trained on public posts from X, announced 8 August 2024. No financial penalty was imposed. Status: confirmed.

The record

Key facts

Record ID
AIT-2024-0005
Status
Confirmed
Action type
Interim measure
Regime
GDPR
Authority
Data Protection Commission
Jurisdiction
Ireland
Target
Twitter International Unlimited Company, headquartered in Ireland
Sector
Platform AI
AI system
Grok large language models, trained on public posts from X
Date announced
Date of decision
Amount
No financial penalty
Appeal
None recorded. Resolved by undertaking rather than by decision.
Last verified

In full

What happened, and why it matters

The Irish authority went to the High Court under section 134 of the Data Protection Act 2018 to suspend X's use of European users' public posts as Grok training data, the first time the DPC had used that urgent power against any controller. The trigger was that the platform had begun using the posts by default, with the opt out placed where most users would never find it. X gave an undertaking rather than fight the application, agreeing to stop the processing and to delete what had been collected between 7 May and 1 August 2024, and the proceedings were struck out in September 2024. No finding of infringement was made and no fine was imposed, which is exactly why the record matters. It is the clearest European example of an authority obtaining a training data outcome in weeks by using an urgency route instead of a multi year inquiry. The same speed is available under the AI Act. Article 93 lets the AI Office require a provider to take measures, and Implementing Regulation (EU) 2026/1755 gives it an interim measures procedure. Operators planning for enforcement on an inquiry timescale are planning for the wrong instrument. The substantive question about the lawfulness of the training was then reopened separately in April 2025.

At a glance

The four things to take away

  • High Court proceedings issued 8 August 2024 under the urgency power in section 134.
  • First use of that power by the DPC against any controller.
  • X undertook to stop the processing and delete the 7 May to 1 August 2024 data.
  • Proceedings struck out on 4 September 2024. No finding of infringement, no fine.

Orders

What the authority required

  • stop using EU and EEA user posts collected between 7 May and 1 August 2024 for Grok training
  • delete the data collected in that window

The law

Provisions this action rests on

Read the official text of Article 53 in the EU AI Act Explorer, consolidated with the Digital Omnibus applied.

How it moved

Timeline

  1. DPC issues urgent High Court proceedings against X

  2. X gives an undertaking, proceedings struck out

  3. DPC opens a full statutory inquiry into the same training activity

Verification

Sources

Primary sources are the authority's own decision or press release, the Official Journal, or a court judgment. A record with no source is not published.

  1. Data Protection Commission, DPC welcomes conclusion of proceedings against XPrimary · 4 September 2024

Next

Related enforcement actions

Cite this record

Free to reuse under CC BY 4.0, with attribution. The record ID AIT-2024-0005 is permanent and is never reused.

In a sentence
According to the GAGE EU AI Act Enforcement Tracker (as of 20 August 2026), irish dpc takes x to the high court over grok training data and secures an undertaking.
APA
GAGE (Global Academy of Generative-AI Education). (2026). Irish DPC takes X to the High Court over Grok training data and secures an undertaking. EU AI Act Enforcement Tracker. Retrieved 20 August 2026, from https://www.gage.academy/tools/eu-ai-act-enforcement-tracker/actions/AIT-2024-0005-irish-dpc-x-grok-training-undertaking
MLA
"Irish DPC takes X to the High Court over Grok training data and secures an undertaking." EU AI Act Enforcement Tracker, GAGE (Global Academy of Generative-AI Education), 20 August 2026, https://www.gage.academy/tools/eu-ai-act-enforcement-tracker/actions/AIT-2024-0005-irish-dpc-x-grok-training-undertaking.
Chicago
GAGE (Global Academy of Generative-AI Education). "Irish DPC takes X to the High Court over Grok training data and secures an undertaking." EU AI Act Enforcement Tracker. Last modified 20 August 2026. https://www.gage.academy/tools/eu-ai-act-enforcement-tracker/actions/AIT-2024-0005-irish-dpc-x-grok-training-undertaking.
Permalink
https://www.gage.academy/tools/eu-ai-act-enforcement-tracker/actions/AIT-2024-0005-irish-dpc-x-grok-training-undertaking

Back to the full enforcement tracker, or see every action against platform ai and every action in Ireland.

Last updated . Every record re verified . The tracker is checked every Monday, and the same day for any action under the AI Act.

Powered by GAGE, free EU AI Act tools from the Global Academy of Generative-AI Education