Which article of the EU AI Act carries the largest fine?

Article 5, the prohibited practices. Non compliance carries up to 35 million euro or 7 percent of worldwide annual turnover under Article 99(3), enforced by national market surveillance authorities. No other tier in the Act is higher.

What is the difference between Article 99 and Article 101 of the AI Act?

Article 99 is the national penalty regime, applied by member state authorities to operators of AI systems, with three tiers up to 35 million euro or 7 percent. Article 101 is the Commission's own fining power over providers of general purpose AI models, capped at 15 million euro or 3 percent. They are different enforcers, different targets and different ceilings.

The enforcement surface of the Act

Every enforceable provision, and what it costs

The EU AI Act is enforced through three national penalty tiers under Article 99 and one Commission tier under Article 101. Article 5 prohibited practices carry up to 35 million euro or 7 percent of worldwide turnover. Providers of general purpose AI models face 15 million euro or 3 percent, from the Commission, not from a member state.

One page each

The provisions this tracker watches

Each article has its own page here, with the plain English reading, the penalty exposure, the authority that enforces it, and the live list of tracked enforcement actions citing it. The official text of every article lives in the EU AI Act Explorer, and each page links to its node there.

Enforceable provisions of the EU AI Act with penalty tier, application date, enforcer and number of tracked actions citing each one.
Article	What it governs	Maximum penalty	Binds from	Actions
Article 5	Prohibited AI practices	Up to 35 million euro or 7 percent of worldwide annual turnover, whichever is higher.Article 99(3)	2 February 2025	6
Article 50	Transparency obligations for certain AI systems	Up to 15 million euro or 3 percent of worldwide annual turnover, whichever is higher.Article 99(4)	2 August 2026	5
Article 51	Classification of general purpose AI models with systemic risk	Up to 15 million euro or 3 percent of worldwide annual turnover, whichever is higher.Article 101	2 August 2025	0
Article 53	Obligations for providers of general purpose AI models	Up to 15 million euro or 3 percent of worldwide annual turnover, whichever is higher.Article 101	2 August 2025	3
Article 55	Obligations for providers of general purpose AI models with systemic risk	Up to 15 million euro or 3 percent of worldwide annual turnover, whichever is higher.Article 101	2 August 2025	0
Article 93	Measures the AI Office can require of model providers	Failure to comply with a measure required under Article 93 is separately fineable under Article 101(1)(c), up to 15 million euro or 3 percent of worldwide annual turnover.Article 101(1)(c)	2 August 2026	0
Article 99	Penalties imposed by member states	Three tiers: 35 million euro or 7 percent (prohibited practices), 15 million euro or 3 percent (operator obligations including Article 50), 7.5 million euro or 1 percent (incorrect information to authorities).Article 99(3), 99(4) and 99(5)	2 August 2025	0
Article 100	Fines on Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies	Up to 1.5 million euro for an Article 5 prohibited practice, up to 750,000 euro for other non compliance.Article 100	2 August 2025	0
Article 101	Fines on providers of general purpose AI models	Up to 15 million euro or 3 percent of worldwide annual turnover, whichever is higher.Article 101	2 August 2026	0

Get this right

The 7 percent figure does not apply to AI model providers

The single most repeated error about the AI Act is attaching the 35 million euro or 7 percent ceiling to a foundation model provider. That figure is Article 99(3). It is the tier for prohibited practices under Article 5, and it is enforced by national market surveillance authorities against whoever puts a prohibited system on the market.

A provider of a general purpose AI model answers to the Commission under Article 101, where the ceiling is 15 million euro or 3 percent of worldwide turnover. Both figures are real and both are in the same regulation. Quoting the wrong one in a briefing is the fastest way to tell a reader you have not read the Act.

Read the text yourself: Article 99 and Article 101 in the Explorer.

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Free to reuse under CC BY 4.0, with attribution.

In a sentence: According to the GAGE EU AI Act Enforcement Tracker (as of 20 August 2026), eu ai act penalties by article.
APA: GAGE (Global Academy of Generative-AI Education). (2026). EU AI Act penalties by article. EU AI Act Enforcement Tracker. Retrieved 20 August 2026, from https://www.gage.academy/tools/eu-ai-act-enforcement-tracker/provisions
MLA: "EU AI Act penalties by article." EU AI Act Enforcement Tracker, GAGE (Global Academy of Generative-AI Education), 20 August 2026, https://www.gage.academy/tools/eu-ai-act-enforcement-tracker/provisions.
Chicago: GAGE (Global Academy of Generative-AI Education). "EU AI Act penalties by article." EU AI Act Enforcement Tracker. Last modified 20 August 2026. https://www.gage.academy/tools/eu-ai-act-enforcement-tracker/provisions.
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Last updated 20 August 2026. Every record re verified 20 August 2026. The tracker is checked every Monday, and the same day for any action under the AI Act.