Open question
What has nobody settled?
4 records of kind open question are on the Physical AI Governance Atlas as of September 2026: 0 verified, 0 reported, 0 announced, 0 absent, 4 open. By jurisdiction: European Union 2, Global 2.
Open question
4 records, newest first
Open question: how do you evidence a safety case for a controller that was learned rather than specified?
Global · verified 15 September 2026
ISO 13849-1 and IEC 62061 assume a specified safety function with quantifiable reliability in high or continuous demand mode.
Open question: is a fleet wide behaviour update a new placing on the market?
European Union · verified 15 September 2026
The Machinery Regulation applies to machinery placed on the market from 14 January 2027 and treats a substantially modified machine as a new product.
Open question: is a humanoid in a home a machine, a consumer product or a care robot?
European Union · verified 15 September 2026
The General Product Safety Regulation applies only where no specific Union law with the same objective regulates the safety of the product, and only to risks those rules do not cover.
Open question: who is liable when a behaviour the robot learned causes the harm?
Global · verified 15 September 2026
The AI Liability Directive proposal, which would have eased proof for exactly this case, was withdrawn and published as withdrawn in the Official Journal on 6 October 2025.
Every surface
Cut the ledger another way
By kind
By jurisdiction
Cite this page
Free to reuse under CC BY 4.0, with attribution.
- In a sentence
- According to the GAGE Physical AI Governance Atlas (as of 15 September 2026), open question: physical ai governance atlas.
- APA
- GAGE (Global Academy of Generative-AI Education). (2026). Open question: Physical AI Governance Atlas. Physical AI Governance Atlas. Retrieved 15 September 2026, from https://www.gage.academy/tools/physical-ai-governance-atlas/kinds/question
- MLA
- "Open question: Physical AI Governance Atlas." Physical AI Governance Atlas, GAGE (Global Academy of Generative-AI Education), 15 September 2026, https://www.gage.academy/tools/physical-ai-governance-atlas/kinds/question.
- Chicago
- GAGE (Global Academy of Generative-AI Education). "Open question: Physical AI Governance Atlas." Physical AI Governance Atlas. Last modified 15 September 2026. https://www.gage.academy/tools/physical-ai-governance-atlas/kinds/question.
- Permalink
- https://www.gage.academy/tools/physical-ai-governance-atlas/kinds/question
Last updated . Every record re verified . The ledger is checked monthly, first Monday, and the same day for any new law or standard publication.
Back to the full ledger and every open question record.
GAGE briefings tell you which AI regulation deadlines are coming, what they actually require of you, and when a program opens.