Jurisdiction
United States: AI Infrastructure Atlas
United States carries 13 records on the AI Infrastructure Atlas as of September 2026: 7 verified at a primary source, 3 reported, 0 announced with no document yet, 1 searched and absent, and 2 open questions. By kind: grid and large load rules 1, water rules 4, reporting and efficiency duties 2, siting, permitting and tax 2, figure of record 2, open question 2.
Grid and large load rules
1 record
The Energy Secretary told FERC to write interconnection rules for large loads
United States · verified 15 September 2026
FERC's own regulatory agenda records that on 23 October 2025 the Secretary of Energy proposed an advance notice of proposed rulemaking on the timely and orderly interconnection of large loads.
Water rules
4 records
Georgia SB 421 would stop local governments hiding data center water and power figures
United States · verified 15 September 2026
The bill targets the agreement, not the facility: it would prohibit local governments from signing away the public's access to usage figures.
State legislatures, not Washington, are writing the data center water rules
United States · verified 15 September 2026
California AB 1577 would require monthly reports to the State Energy Commission on energy and water consumption.
No federal rule requires a United States data center to disclose its water use
United States · verified 15 September 2026
The only federal instruments found are bills: S. 4213 introduced 25 March 2026 and H.R. 9825 introduced 22 July 2026.
The EPA says it will not set nationwide environmental requirements for data centers
United States · verified 15 September 2026
The reported position leaves water use, cooling system design and air quality decisions to individual states and communities.
Reporting and efficiency duties
2 records
The House companion to the data center water and energy reporting bill
United States · verified 15 September 2026
H.R. 9825 was introduced in the House on 22 July 2026 and referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce.
A Senate bill would make data centers above 25 MW report energy and water use
United States · verified 15 September 2026
The reporting duty attaches to each data center with a peak demand of not less than 25 megawatts.
Siting, permitting and tax
2 records
A House bill would force disclosure before an AI data center site is fixed
United States · verified 15 September 2026
Disclosure would be due not later than 180 days before the developer takes a definitive step to establish the data center.
Executive Order 14318 puts qualifying data center projects on a federal fast track
United States · verified 15 September 2026
The order names two quantitative routes into qualifying status: committed capital expenditure of at least 500 million dollars, or an incremental electric load addition greater than 100 MW.
Figure of record
2 records
The measured US figure of record: 176 TWh, 4.4 percent of national electricity in 2023
United States · verified 15 September 2026
Data centers consumed about 4.4 percent of total US electricity in 2023, on the report's own accounting.
The EIA forecasts record US electricity consumption in 2026 and 2027
United States · verified 15 September 2026
The outlook states that the United States uses record amounts of electricity in the forecast.
Open question
2 records
Open question: does behind the meter generation escape interconnection rules
United States · verified 15 September 2026
The DOE proposal to FERC reaches loads that share a point of interconnection with new or existing generation, which is the colocation case.
Open question: should a data center's water use be public, site by site
United States · verified 15 September 2026
The EU scheme collects water usage as a key performance indicator and publishes only aggregated figures at Member State and Union level.
Answers
What people ask about United States
Who decides whether a data center connects, and on what terms in United States?
The Energy Secretary told FERC to write interconnection rules for large loads (verified). Each record page quotes the document and says what it changes for an operator, a utility or a community.
Who decides what a data center may draw and must disclose in United States?
Georgia SB 421 would stop local governments hiding data center water and power figures (reported, primary not reached); State legislatures, not Washington, are writing the data center water rules (reported, primary not reached); No federal rule requires a United States data center to disclose its water use (absent); The EPA says it will not set nationwide environmental requirements for data centers (reported, primary not reached). Each record page quotes the document and says what it changes for an operator, a utility or a community.
What must a data center report, and to whom in United States?
The House companion to the data center water and energy reporting bill (verified); A Senate bill would make data centers above 25 MW report energy and water use (verified). Each record page quotes the document and says what it changes for an operator, a utility or a community.
Who decides where it may be built, and what it pays in United States?
A House bill would force disclosure before an AI data center site is fixed (verified); Executive Order 14318 puts qualifying data center projects on a federal fast track (verified). Each record page quotes the document and says what it changes for an operator, a utility or a community.
What has actually been measured in United States?
The measured US figure of record: 176 TWh, 4.4 percent of national electricity in 2023 (verified); The EIA forecasts record US electricity consumption in 2026 and 2027 (verified). Each record page quotes the document and says what it changes for an operator, a utility or a community.
What has nobody settled in United States?
Open question: does behind the meter generation escape interconnection rules (open question); Open question: should a data center's water use be public, site by site (open question). Each record page quotes the document and says what it changes for an operator, a utility or a community.
What has nobody settled in United States?
Open question: does behind the meter generation escape interconnection rules; Open question: should a data center's water use be public, site by site. The ledger poses these and does not answer them.
What does United States not have?
No federal rule requires a United States data center to disclose its water use. Each absent record says where the ledger looked and when, so the search can be repeated.
Every surface
Cut the ledger another way
By jurisdiction
- United States13
- European Union7
- Ireland2
- Netherlands1
- Germany1
- United Kingdom3
- Singapore1
- China2
- Malaysia1
- Global4
By kind
- Grid and large load rules4
- Water rules6
- Reporting and efficiency duties8
- Siting, permitting and tax7
- Figure of record6
- Open question4
Verdicts
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- GAGE (Global Academy of Generative-AI Education). (2026). United States on the AI Infrastructure Atlas. AI Infrastructure Atlas. Retrieved 15 September 2026, from https://www.gage.academy/tools/ai-infrastructure-atlas/jurisdictions/us
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Last updated . Every record re verified . The ledger is checked monthly, first Monday, and the same day for any regulator decision on large loads or water.
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